Journal Of Design Science Vol.13, No.2 July,2010
Kai Lo*
Hsiao-Ching Yang**
Pin-Chang Lin***
Graduate School of Design
National Taiwan University of Science and Technology* **
School of Design, Ming Chuan University***
(Received:June 21, 2010;
Accepted: October 21, 2010) |
 |
Abstract
Product safety has become increasingly important with the rise of consumer rights in recent years. As the package is the first line of communication between the product and consumer, apart from informing consumers of the product features and functions, the ease of identification of warning signs on products becomes key to the accurate and safe use of products. Therefore, this study spent one year collecting the warning signs on products distributed in Taiwan through onsite inspection to investigate the status and approaches of warning sign use in Taiwan through analysis of 68 samples. After the focus group discussion, 37 samples were selected for the identification assessment and in-depth investigation of issues related to warning signs. Finally, the ideal design principles and suggestions are proposed. The results of research show: (1) There are 13 types of warning signs in meaning terms, and warning signs for “Do not microwave” (17.6%), “Warning: Hot Content” (13.2%) and “Take Care of Your Belongings” (13.2%) are the most diversified to confuse consumers and should thus be standardized. (2) There are 5 types of warning signs in product terms, and the warning signs for food (30.9%), household supplies (29.4%) and cleaning agents (23.5%) are the most in quantity and meanings, suggesting that these three types of products are highly user-sensitive and the signs should be clearer to prevent hazards. (3) Results of the identification assessment show only 32.43% of the samples conform to the ISO 67%, suggesting that most warning signs are ineffective. (4) Highly identifiable signs are representational and familiar in everyday life or are conventional symbols. By contrast, low identifiable symbols are too abstract, too complex or too trifling in form, with improper icon layout or associations that consumers often confuse or misjudge. These should be considered in future studies and designs.
Keyword: Warning signs, Identification, Pictogram, Comprehension test.
市售商品包裝警告圖像之識認性調查與分析
摘要
近年來，隨著消費權益意識之抬頭，商品安全性議題日益地受到重視。包裝是商品與消費者溝通的第一線，除了提供商品特性與功能等訊息之外，警告圖像識認性的良莠，更是影響人們能否正確與安全使用商品的關鍵性課題。本研究動機奠基於此，歷時一年，以實地的現況調查，蒐彙國內市售包裝之警告圖像，共計68款。研究透過歸納與分析，瞭解國內警告圖像使用之現狀與方式，並經由焦點小組的討論，取得代表性樣本37款，提供識認性評估之實驗，並更深入探討警告圖像的相關問題，提出理想的設計原則與建議。研究結果發現：（1）從警告圖像的意義來看，共計13種類型，其中以「禁止微波」（17.6%）、「小心燙手」（13.2%）、「保管注意」（13.2%）等三類圖像形態最為多樣，容易導致消費者的混淆，應予統一；（2）從商品應用範疇來看，主要有5種類型，其中以食品類（30.9%）、家用品類（29.4.%）及清潔用品類（23.5%）三者個數最多，並包含多類圖像意義，顯示此三類型商品趨向高警示類型商品，圖像意義應更為明確，以避免傷害；（3）識認性之調查評估顯示，合乎ISO 67%標準者，比率僅佔總體之32.43%，顯示目前多數警告圖像均無效用；（4）識認性高的圖像，多為生活經驗熟悉之具象形態，或約定成俗的記號，反之識認性低圖像，形態過於抽象或複雜瑣碎，圖像元件的配置與關係失當，易產生誤判或困擾。以上，值得後續相關研究及設計之參酌。
關鍵字：標示、警告圖像、理解測試、圖像設計、包裝
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